Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They are common during the reproductive years and may cause heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic discomfort, pressure, frequent urination, or difficulty conceiving. However, being diagnosed with fibroids does not necessarily mean that the uterus needs to be removed. For women who wish to preserve their fertility or simply want to retain their uterus, uterus-preserving fibroid treatment may be an option. One of the commonly considered surgical approaches is myomectomy, which removes the fibroids while leaving the uterus intact.

What Is a Myomectomy?

A myomectomy is a surgical procedure specifically designed to remove fibroids from the uterus without removing the uterus itself. Depending on the size, number and location of the fibroids, the procedure can be performed through different approaches. Laparoscopic myomectomy is a minimally invasive technique in which small incisions are made in the abdomen. A camera and specialized surgical instruments are used to locate and remove the fibroids. Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic procedures may offer smaller scars, less postoperative discomfort and a potentially quicker recovery in appropriately selected patients. For women considering pregnancy, preserving the uterus can be an important part of treatment planning.

When Might Fibroids Need Treatment?

Not every fibroid requires surgery. Small fibroids that do not cause symptoms may simply be monitored. Treatment may be considered when fibroids lead to:

•  Very heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
•  Pelvic pain or pressure
•  Abdominal enlargement or discomfort
•  Frequent urination or bowel pressure
•  Pain during intercourse
•  Difficulty conceiving
•  Repeated pregnancy-related problems
•  Significant impact on daily activities or quality of life

The recommended treatment depends on individual circumstances rather than the presence of fibroids alone.

Can Laparoscopic Surgery Preserve the Uterus?

In selected patients, yes. Laparoscopic myomectomy can remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. However, it is not suitable for every fibroid case. The number, size and location of fibroids, previous surgeries, symptoms, age and reproductive plans all need to be considered. A detailed evaluation, often including ultrasound and sometimes MRI, helps the surgeon understand the fibroid pattern and determine whether laparoscopic surgery is appropriate.

What Are the Benefits of Uterus-Preserving Surgery?

For appropriately selected patients, myomectomy can provide several potential benefits. It removes the problematic fibroids while retaining the uterus, which may be particularly important for women who wish to become pregnant in the future. Laparoscopic surgery may also involve smaller abdominal incisions and a shorter recovery period compared with conventional open surgery in suitable cases. However, recovery and outcomes can vary from one patient to another. It is also important to understand that removing fibroids does not guarantee that they will never return. New fibroids can develop over time, and ongoing follow-up may therefore be recommended.

Is Hysterectomy Always Necessary?

No. Hysterectomy, which involves removing the uterus, is one treatment option for fibroids, but it is not the only one. Whether hysterectomy is appropriate depends on factors such as symptoms, fibroid characteristics, age, overall health and whether future pregnancy is desired. Women who want to preserve their uterus should discuss all suitable treatment options with a qualified gynaecological surgeon before making a decision.

Choosing the Right Surgical Approach

Fibroid treatment should be personalized. A procedure that works well for one woman may not be appropriate for another. The goal is to balance effective fibroid removal with preservation of healthy uterine tissue whenever possible. For women considering minimally invasive fibroid treatment, consulting an experienced surgeon can help clarify whether laparoscopic myomectomy is suitable for their specific condition.

Expert Care for Fibroid Treatment

Dr. Sankar Dasmahapatra, Consultant Gynaecologist & Obstetrician, Infertility Specialist and Laparoscopic Surgeon, provides individualized evaluation and treatment for women with fibroids and other gynaecological conditions. Women looking for the best laparoscopic surgeon in Kolkata can discuss their symptoms, fertility goals and available uterus-preserving treatment options with a qualified specialist. If you have been diagnosed with fibroids, do not assume that removing the uterus is your only option. A proper evaluation can help determine whether a uterus-preserving approach such as myomectomy may be suitable for you.

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