Uterine fibroids are a common health concern among women, especially those in their reproductive years. These non-cancerous growths develop in or around the uterus and may range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. While many fibroids remain harmless and symptomless, others can lead to serious discomfort, menstrual irregularities, and even infertility. For women experiencing significant symptoms, fibroid removal surgery is often the recommended treatment. With medical advancements and access to skilled gynecological care, fibroid removal surgery in Kolkata has become safer, more effective, and minimally invasive. Let’s explore what fibroids are, the various surgical options available, and what recovery entails.

Understanding Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids, also called leiomyomas or myomas, are solid tumors made of fibrous and muscular tissue. They typically develop in the uterus and are influenced by hormonal changes, particularly estrogen. While the exact cause of fibroids is not entirely understood, several factors increase the risk of developing them:

1. Genetics: Family history plays a significant role
2. Hormonal imbalance: Estrogen dominance can contribute
3. Obesity and lifestyle factors
4. Early onset of menstruation

Fibroids can appear in different locations, such as:

1. Intramural fibroids – within the muscular wall of the uterus
2. Submucosal fibroids – beneath the uterine lining
3. Subserosal fibroids – on the outer surface of the uterus
4. Pedunculated fibroids – attached by a stalk to the uterus

 

Common Symptoms Include:

1. Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
2. Pelvic pressure or bloating
3. Frequent urination
4. Painful menstruation or intercourse
5. Lower back pain
6. Difficulty getting pregnant

Many women with fibroids live without any symptoms, but when fibroids interfere with normal daily life or reproductive health, medical intervention is advised.

Laparoscopic fibroid surgery

Types of Fibroid Removal Surgeries

The type of fibroid removal surgery depends on various factors such as the size, location, number of fibroids, and the patient’s fertility goals. Here are the primary surgical approaches:

1. Laparoscopic Myomectomy

A minimally invasive procedure that uses small incisions and a laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) to remove fibroids. This method is ideal for women who wish to retain their uterus and have a faster recovery time. It causes minimal scarring and is often done as a day-care procedure.

2. Hysteroscopic Myomectomy

This is a non-invasive surgery performed through the vagina and cervix using a hysteroscope. It’s suitable for removing submucosal fibroids that bulge into the uterine cavity. Since there are no abdominal cuts, recovery is very quick.

3. Abdominal (Open) Myomectomy

In cases where fibroids are large, numerous, or deeply embedded, open surgery may be necessary. An incision is made in the abdomen to access and remove the fibroids. Though this involves a longer recovery time, it allows thorough fibroid removal.

4. Laparoscopic or Abdominal Hysterectomy

If fibroids are causing severe symptoms and the woman is not planning for future pregnancies, removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) may be advised. This is a definitive treatment and can be performed laparoscopically or through open surgery.

Recovery and Post-Surgical Care

Recovery after fibroid surgery varies depending on the type of procedure performed. Minimally invasive surgeries such as laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomy generally allow patients to return home the same or next day, with full recovery expected within 1–2 weeks. Open surgeries, on the other hand, may require a hospital stay and a longer healing period of 4–6 weeks.

Post-Surgical Care Tips:

1. Rest and hydration: Adequate rest and drinking fluids aid healing
2. Pain management: Mild discomfort is normal and manageable with medication
3. Follow-up visits: Regular checkups are crucial to monitor healing
4. Avoid strenuous activity: For a few weeks post-surgery
5. Diet and mobility: A fiber-rich diet and light walking can support recovery

It’s essential to follow the post-operative instructions provided by the surgeon to prevent complications such as infections, adhesions, or delayed healing.

When to Consider Fibroid Removal Surgery

Surgery is usually recommended when:

1. Medications have failed to control symptoms
2. Fibroids are causing significant bleeding or anemia
3. Pelvic pain and pressure persist
4. Fertility is affected
5. Fibroids continue to grow or recur

Advancements in Fibroid Treatment in Kolkata

Kolkata is home to many modern hospitals and experienced gynecological surgeons offering cutting-edge solutions for fibroid treatment. With access to advanced laparoscopic tools, high-definition imaging, and personalized care, patients can expect excellent outcomes with minimal discomfort. The growing focus on minimally invasive fibroid surgeries ensures faster recovery, shorter hospital stays, and better cosmetic results.

Conclusion

Fibroids are a common yet manageable condition with the right medical guidance and treatment. If you are dealing with troubling symptoms or have been diagnosed with uterine fibroids, exploring the option of fibroid removal surgery in Kolkata could be the turning point toward better health and improved quality of life. Consult a qualified gynecological surgeon to evaluate your condition, understand your treatment options, and choose the right surgical approach based on your individual health goals.